VTGN.COM
Virtual Teacher Global Network VTGN.com
Virtual TGN. Virtual Teacher Global Network. Virtual Thai Gloabl Network
TGN is an abbreviation which can mean
Thai Global Network - a Thai satellite television channel
Tyco Global Network - a set of mostly international submarine communications
cable systems laid by Tyco Submarine Systems (formerly part of AT&T - AT&T SSI)
and operated by Tyco Telecommunications, part of Tyco International. Tyco
Telecommunications was subsequently acquired by VSNL. The cable systems are/were
TGN Northern Europe, TGN Western Europe, TGN Transatlantic, and TGN
Transpacific.
The Generations Network, operator of Ancestry.com, MyFamily.com and other family
history and family connection websites. Formerly "MyFamily.com, Inc."
trans Golgi Network - a part of the golgi apparatus in cells.
In education, teachers facilitate student learning, often in a school or
academy. The objective is typically a course of study, lesson plan, or a
practical skill, including learning and thinking skills. The different ways to
teach are often referred to as the teacher's pedagogy. When deciding what
teaching method to use, a teacher will need to consider students' background
knowledge, environment, and their learning goals as well as standardized
curricula as determined by the relevant authority. The teacher should also be
able to deal with students with different abilities and should also be able to
deal with learning disabilities. Many times, teachers will have to do their job
outside of the classroom by accompanying students on field trips. They also
supervise study halls, help with the organization of school functions, and serve
as supervisors for extracurricular activities. Although many people see teaching
as a 9 to 3 job most teachers work well outside the school day including
weekends. A fifty or sixty hour week is not uncommon with no additional
financial compensation. In addition, many teachers purchase items for their
students and classroom out of their own wages and (in Canada) receive no tax
deduction for these purchases. |
Teaching as a profession
Teachers are professionals on par with physicians, lawyers, engineers, and CPA's
because they are often required to obtain specialized education and professional
licensure.
In most cultures, teaching is referred to as a profession. Arguments for this
include the respect that is felt for teachers in some cultures, the existence of
a body of specialised professional knowledge, and codes of ethics. In Canada
some provinces such as Ontario and British Columbia operate a 'College of
Teachers' established by legislation to serve and protect the public interest
through certifying, governing and enforcing the standards of practice for the
teaching profession.
The College's functions include setting out clear standards of practice,
providing for the ongoing education of teachers, investigating complaints
involving members, conducting hearings into allegations of professional
misconduct and taking appropriate disciplinary action and accrediting teacher
education programs.
Teachers in publicly funded schools in these provinces must be members in good
standing with the College. Many private schools also require their teachers to
be College members.
Some teachers are paraprofessional teachers. They assist teachers in the
classroom including in Special Education. The requirement is normally a high
school diploma, G.E.D., two years of college education, or an associate degree.
Some of the parapro positions require experience, especially in Special Ed. They
have to be certified by the state in which they plan to work just like other
teachers. Most Parapro-educators go back to school for a Bachelor degree and
full teacher certification. They pay is very rewarding and competitive for those
that have a college degree. With this teaching position if you do not have a
degree the pay isn't so rewarding. The job will include benefits, just like
other teachers. The job description is about the same. Some parapro-teachers can
fill positions as supply teachers. Supply teachers are teachers that fill in for
normal teachers. For example, if a female teacher becomes pregnant and needs to
become home bound. A supply teacher (paraeducator) can fill in for the rest of
the year or as long as the school district needs them to. There are other
various positions like Librarian and Guidance Counselor Parapro Education
positions available as well. In Parapro Education there is a lot of available
positions.
Teaching around the world
There are many similarities and difference among teachers around the world. In
almost all countries teachers are educated in a university or college. Generally
they must be certified by a government body before they can teach in a school.
The process for becoming a teacher in Canada is somewhat intricate in all
provinces. In France the teachers (professeurs) are mainly civil servants,
recruited by competitive examination. Currently there are moves on both sides of
politics in Australia towards a National Curriculum. India celebrates Teachers
day on 5 September, in honour of a thinker and President Dr. Radhakrishnan.
In the United States, each state determines the requirements for getting a
license to teach. The Bureau of Labor Statistics estimates that there are 1.4
million elementary school teachers , 600,000 middle school teachers , and 1
million secondary school teachers employed in the U.S.
Salaries vary greatly depending on state and grade taught. For high school
teachers median salaries in 2007 ranged from $35,000 in South Dakota to $71,000
in New York, with a national median of $52,000. The median salary for all
primary and secondary teachers was $46,000 in 2004, with the average entry
salary for a teacher with a bachelor's degree being an estimated $32,000. Median
salaries for preschool teachers, however, were less than half the national
median for secondary teachers, clock in at an estimated $21,000 in 2004.
World Teachers’ Day
UNESCO inaugurated World Teachers’ Day on 5 October 1994 to celebrate and
commemorate the signing of the Recommendation Concerning the Status of Teachers
on 5 October 1966. World Teachers’ Day also highlighted the Recommendation
Concerning the Status of Higher Education Teaching Personnel adopted in 1997.
Some countries or regions such as Taiwan also celebrate Teacher's Day as a
national holiday. In Brazil and Chile, it is celebrated on October 15, while in
India it is celebrated on the 5th of September. In Brunei, it is celebrated on
September 23. In Turkey it has been celebrated on 24th November since 1928.
Northern Cyprus also celebrates this day. In Malaysia and in Colombia, it is
celebrated on 16 May. Teachers' Day is a school holiday for students in primary
and secondary schools and junior colleges/centralised institutes in Singapore
celebrated on 1 September. Malaysia celebrates Teachers' Day on the 16th of May
every year. This celebration is celebrated with joy and passion.
Salaries
Teachers' salaries vary from country to country: US teachers are paid on a
graduated scale, starting at the low end and moving up on the pay scale with
experience. The national average teacher’s salary for 2000-2001 was $43,335,
according to the National Education Association. The lowest average salary was
in South Dakota at $30,265 and the highest average salary was in New Jersey at
$53,281. Teacher benefits vary by contract but most include the following:
health insurance, sick leave and dental coverage. Some contracts may include
long-term disability insurance, life insurance, emergency/personal leave and
investment options. The American Federation of Teachers' teacher salary survey
for the 2004-05 school year found that the average teacher salary was $47,602.
Salaries in England and Wales are largely dependent upon time in post
(seniority) and any management responsibilities. From 2007, teachers outside the
London area (which are paid higher due to higher living costs) can expect to
start on around ￡21,000 GBP (approx. $41,500 USD/€31,000 EUR) and rising by
around ￡1,100 GBP (approx. $2,150 USD/€1,600 EUR) per year. Teachers of
'shortage' subjects, such as math and physics, can expect a 'golden hello'
taking them to around ￡26,000 GBP (approx. $51,200 USD/€38,300 EUR) starting
salary.
Unpromoted posts in Scotland attract a salary paid on an annually incremented
scale which rises over 6 points from ￡19,878 GBP (approx. $39,000 USD/€29,300
EUR) to ￡31,707 GBP (approx. $62,200 USD/€46,707 EUR) .
The median Paraprofessional Teacher Salary is around $20,000.00 USD Yearly. The
salary can be even smaller if you do not have a degree. If you do have a degree
your salary is more then likely going to be more than this a year. Every year
you automatically get a increase. Every 5 years you get a Salary increase after
you renew your Parapro-Certification.
Religious Teacher
In Hinduism, a spiritual teacher is known as a guru. Traditionally, a spiritual
seeker would revere his or her guru highly, and demonstrate utmost submission
and humility through menial service in order to prove worthy to be a recipient
of esoteric knowledge from the guru.There are many sayings on the teacher like
"Guru devo bhava"
In the Latter Day Saint movement, teacher is an office in the Aaronic
priesthood.
A certified teacher is a teacher who has earned credentials from an
authoritative source, such as the government, a higher education institution or
a private source. These certifications allow teachers to teach in schools which
require authorization in general, as well as allowing educators to teach in
particular content areas and across the curriculum. While many authorizing
entities require student teaching before earning teacher certification, routes
vary from country to country.
Australia
The Australian education system is regulated on a State by State basis with each
state having its own requirements for teacher registration (with the exception
of the Australian Capital Territory where no such registration system currently
exists). Publicly funded schools are primarily funded from the State level
whereas private schools (including religious schools) are funded with Federal
per student grants as well as smaller grants from State Governments and private
fees. Private schools are free to hire teachers regardless of their level of
qualification although in practice most teachers in Australia have a relevant
tertiary qualification such as a graduate diploma, Bachelor's Degree or Masters
Degree.
Currently there are moves on both sides of politics in Australia towards a
National Curriculum which may or may not involve a national system of teacher
registration.
Canada
Canadian teachers must receive certification from a provincial College of
Teachers or the provincial department responsible for teacher certification in
order to be able to teach in elementary and secondary schools. In Manitoba, for
example, the responsibility for teacher certification lies with the Department
of Education, Citizenship, and Youth - Professional Certification and Records
Branch. Teachers need a Bachelor's degree in Education (B.Ed.), often on top of
another recognized Bachelor's degree. This adds one or two more years to a
university education. To earn a degree in secondary education, teachers must
have a certain number of university credits in their subject field. This number
varies from province to province, and in some provinces it varies from school to
school. Most employers of teachers require that successful applicants complete
criminal record checks, as well as verification that an employee is not listed
in the Child Abuse Registry. These same requirements are, in addition to being a
sound part of the hiring practice, a requirement of most provincial education
legislation. Other requirements such as a tuberculosis test, and level of
experience criteria may also be required. Many provinces require prospective
teachers to obtain a criminal record check prior to hire.
In extreme circumstances, such as a lack of any suitable certifiable candidates
for a specific teaching position, an employer may apply for temporary
certification of a non-certified person. This temporary certification is usually
valid for one calendar year after ministry approval, but must be requested by
the school, not by a non-certified applicant for a teaching position.
England and Wales
Qualified Teacher Status
In England and Wales teachers in the maintained sector must have gained
Qualified Teacher Status (QTS). There are many paths in which a person can work
towards gaining their QTS, the most popular of which is to have completed a
first degree (such as a BA or BSc) and then a Post-Graduate Certificate of
Education (PGCE). Other methods include a specific teaching degree (BEd) or
on-the-job training at a school. All qualified teachers in England must serve,
after training, a statutory one year induction period that must be passed in
order to remain a registered teacher. In Wales this period lasts for two years.
During this period a teacher is known as an NQT (Newly Qualified Teacher).
Schools are obliged to provide guidance, support and training to facilitate the
NQT's success during this year. Local education authorities are also obliged to
provide professional development opportunities.
Teachers in independent schools are not statutorily required to hold QTS,
although independent schools increasingly prefer teachers to hold this
qualification unless they have already gained significant teaching experience.
The post-experience PGCE at the University of Buckingham is designed for
independent school teachers. Some specialist independent schools, such as those
following Montessori principles, require teachers trained in that specific
educational philosophy.
The Teach First scheme, aimed at recent graduates, was introduced in 2003 in
London and more recently in Manchester and it allows trainees to teach in
schools without the Post-Graduate Certificate of Education (PGCE). After an
intense period of training in the summer following graduation, trainees are
placed in secondary schools. Following the successful completion of the first
year, trainee teachers gain QTS status and may then continue teaching for a
minimum of one year.
France
In France the teachers (professeurs) are mainly civil servants, recruited by
competitive examination. The primary education teachers (professeurs des écoles)
study at IUFM (University Institute for Formation of Teachers). The high school
teachers must hold the CAPES (certificate for teaching in secondary education)
or the agrégation. They are called professeur certifié or professeur agrégé,
depending on the exam they pass. The postulants to these formations must have
completed undergraduate studies (for IUFM and CAPES) or graduate studies (often
a MA for the agrégation). Even the teachers in private schools must pass an exam
(the CAPEPS - certificate for teaching in private secondary education) and are
civil servants. However, any holder of a licentiate (bachelor's degree
equivalent) can teach on a non-permanent basis.
India
In India across various states there are different qualifications required to be
a teacher. The government school generally recruit the teachers through
competitive examination. There are degrees like BEd, DEd, TTC to professionally
train the teachers. However, one may be appointed as teacher in a non government
funded school even if one does not have these degrees. Apart from the state
schools there are also schools run under the Central government. These schools
strictly recruit based on the qualification alone. In situations where the
government recruits people without qualifications, there are in service training
done by DIETS. In the colleges, that is the post school education, however the
qualification does not a teacher training degree, but remains to be national /
state level examinations and qualifications decided by UGC.
Scotland
Qualified Teacher Status
As in England and Wales teachers in state schools must have gained Qualified
Teacher Status. All qualified teachers in Scotland must serve, after training, a
statutory two year probationary period. Schools are again obliged to provide
guidance, support and training to facilitate the NQT's success during this year.
However this does not always happen as it should. The exam system in Scotland is
different from that in England and Wales. Traditionally pupils in Scotland will
sit "Highers" and "Advanced Highers" instead of A-levels. The Higher exam,
rather than the A-level, is the one most often taken into account for entry into
university. In recent years school performance has been judged on the basis of
numbers of exam passes and grades attained in various subjects for all pupils in
the school. This has taken the form of published "league tables". It has been
argued that league tables encourage the regurgitation of facts for passing exams
rather than understanding of the work in depth. For example this could include
learning how to apply a mathematical formula without knowing what it is doing or
where it comes from.
United States
Normally, a bachelor's degree with a major in a certifiable area (languages,
arts, sciences, etc.) is a minimum requirement, along with rigorous pedagogical
methods, course work and practical field experiences as "student teachers." It
is also required by all states that teachers pass standardised exams at the
national and/or state levels both in the subjects they teach and the methods of
teaching those subjects, and that they undergo constant evaluation by local,
state, and sometimes even private organizations during their first years of
teaching. Most states use graduated licensing programs (i.e., initial, Stage II,
Rank I, professional, provisional, etc.). A license to teach in one state will
usually facilitate the obtainment of a license in another state.
Until the 1960s, a person could not teach unless he or she had completed a year
or more of specific teaching training at a normal school. In the past two
decades, normal school courses have been made optional through the promotion of
Alternate Route teacher certification. New Jersey was the first state to
establish an Alternate Route program, doing so in 1984. Since then, most states
have established their own programs.
Teachers in almost all states must have a Bachelor's degree with the appropriate
teacher preparation course and complete a Master's degree within five years.
Additionally, to be permanently certified, teachers must pass three state exams
on pedagogy, general knowledge and knowledge of a content area. In order to work
in a public school a candidate must be fingerprinted.
The annual rankings of U.S. News and World Report placed the following schools
of education in the top ten of all graduate colleges of education in the United
States. They follow in order of one through ten: Teachers College at Columbia
University; Stanford University; Harvard University; Vanderbilt University;
University of California at Los Angeles; University of Michigan at Ann Arbor;
Northwestern University; University of California at Berkeley; University of
Washington, and; University of Wisconsin at Madison.
Teach for America and the Mississippi Teacher Corps are two highly competitive,
alternate-route teaching programs, for college graduates who are not education
majors.
Teacher education refers to the policies and procedures designed to equip
teachers with the knowledge, attitudes, behaviours and skills they require to
perform their tasks effectively in the school and classroom.
Teacher education is often divided into:
* initial teacher training / education (a pre-service course before entering the
classroom as a fully responsible teacher);
* induction (the process of providing training and support during the first few
years of teaching or the first year in a particular school);
* teacher development or continuing professional development (CPD) (an
in-service process for practicing teachers).
The process of mentoring is also relevant.
Organization
Initial teacher education may be organized according to two basic models.
In the 'consecutive' model, a teacher first obtains a qualification (often a
first university degree), and then studies for a further period to gain an
additional qualification in teaching; (in some systems this takes the form of a
post-graduate degree, possibly even a Masters).
The alternative is where a student simultaneously studies both an academic
subject and the ways of teaching that subject, leading to a qualification as a
teacher of that subject.
Other pathways are also available. In some countries, it is possible for a
person to receive training as a teacher under the responsibility of an
accredited experienced practitioner in a school.
Teacher Education in many countries takes place in Higher Education.
Curricula
The question of what knowledge, attitudes, behaviours and skills teachers should
possess is the subject of much debate in many cultures. This is understandable,
as teachers are entrusted with the transmission to children of society's
beliefs, attitudes and deontology, as well as of information, advice and wisdom.
Generally, Teacher Education curricula can be broken down into these blocks:
* foundational knowledge and skills--usually this area is about
education-related aspects of philosophy of education, history of education, ,
and
* content-area and methods knowledge--often also including ways of teaching and
assessing a specific subject, in which case this area may overlap with the first
("foundational") area
* practice at classroom teaching or at some other form of educational
practice--usually supervised and supported in some way, though not always.
These three areas reflect the organization of most teacher education programs in
North America (though not necessarily elsewhere in the world)--courses, modules,
and other activities are often organized to belong to one of the three major
areas of teacher education. The organization makes the programs more rational or
logical in structure. The conventional organization has sometimes also been
criticized, however, as artificial and unrepresentative of how teachers actually
experience their work. Problems of practice frequently (perhaps usually) concern
foundational issues, curriculum, and practical knowledge simultaneously, and
separating them during teacher education may therefore not be helpful.
Quality Assurance
Feedback on the performance of teachers is integral to many state and private
education procedures, but takes many different forms. The 'no fault' approach is
very satisfactory, where weaknesses are carefully identified, assessed and then
addressed through the provision of in service training.
Stress
As a profession teaching has very high levels of Work-Related Stress (WRS) which
are listed as amongst the highest of any profession in some countries, such as
the United Kingdom. The degree of this problem is becoming increasingly
recognised and support systems are being put into place.[
Are you interested in
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Players explore, form alliances, perform optional tasks, and complete quests for
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RuneScape has often been one of
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cheats....autos or bots that will help them achieve success in their beloved
games of Runescape 2.
RuneScape is a virtual world which
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With the rising popularity of
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Ultima Online was one of the first
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